Water pollution is generally caused by long term illegal discharge or material leakage. Sudden water pollution incidents can inflict severe damage on aquatic ecosystems, especially when toxic and hazardous substances are released. In accordance with relevant regulatory requirements, water sample collection and testing shall be carried out promptly once a sudden water pollution incident occurs, to identify harmful substances and measure their concentrations.
When a sudden water pollution incident takes place, on site testing sampling and follow up monitoring sampling shall be performed.
On site Testing and Sampling
- Sampling for onsite testing is mainly conducted at and around the incident site. Sampling points are arranged according to field conditions and characteristics of polluted water bodies.
- Obvious markers shall be set up at the incident site. Onsite video recording and photography may be performed when necessary.
- Multiple types of Water Quality Monitoring Equipment are available, including laboratorybased instruments, rapid detection devices and online monitoring systems. Appropriate equipment shall be selected according to actual conditions.
Follow up Monitoring and Sampling
After pollutants enter water bodies, their concentrations decrease due to dilution and diffusion. Follow up monitoring shall be implemented to track pollution levels until the water environment returns to normal conditions. Follow up sampling covers three scenarios:
1.River water pollution monitoring: Multiple sampling cross sections shall be arranged along the river course based on pollutant types and load. Clear markers shall be placed at sampling points. Sampling frequency shall be determined according to pollution severity.
2.Lake and reservoir pollution monitoring: Sampling points shall be laid out based on actual conditions. Sampling points must be arranged at water outlets and drinking‑water intakes to safeguard drinking water safety. Given the relatively static water conditions of lakes and reservoirs, sampling across different water layers shall be considered, with a minimum sampling frequency of twice per day.
- A location map of the pollution site shall be drawn with sampling points marked. Records covering incident time, causes and other relevant information shall be kept to support continuous waterpollution monitoring.
Water Quality Analyzers play an important role in wastewater treatment and testing. They are used to evaluate treatment performance and verify whether parameters meet discharge standards.
