The treatment of domestic sewage has long been a subject of critical concern. Direct discharge of untreated polluted water poses substantial threats to both ecological integrity and human health. To advance rural domestic sewage management, four core principles must be prioritized:

1.Strengthen Guidance-Driven Governance  

For rural areas within a reasonable radius of townships, integrated sewage treatment can be achieved through connection to township-level sewage treatment plants, enabling centralized processing following collection and transportation. Process equipment should be tailored to site-specific conditions such as altitude and terrain, with treatment strategies determined based on local realities.

2.Ensure Operational Sustainability via Budgetary Planning  

Maintenance of rural domestic sewage treatment facilities—particularly integrated systems—is essential. Costs associated with process-specific requirements (e.g., chemical dosing, equipment operation including water quality monitors, and labor) must be fully incorporated into budgetary frameworks to guarantee long-term functionality.

3.Implement Specialized Maintenance Mechanisms  

Maintenance responsibilities may be delegated to third-party operation entities to minimize operational disruptions and ensure the smooth execution of sewage treatment processes.

4.Establish Robust Supervision Frameworks  

Rural domestic sewage treatment involves multiple administrative departments. Implementation should adhere to the principles of “township-based execution and departmental supervision,” requiring each department to enhance cross-departmental coordination, integrate resource channels and construction regions, and foster collaborative synergy. Additionally, entities must fulfill project implementation and construction responsibilities in accordance with relevant regulations to remove barriers to the advancement of rural sewage treatment initiatives.