Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been known for a century. Under ultraviolet radiation from sunlight, a reactive oxygen layer forms in outer space around the Earth. This layer serves as a protective shield essential for human survival. However, reactive oxygen species on Earth bring both benefits and drawbacks. We cannot ignore its concentration simply because of its advantages.
As a strong oxidizing agent, reactive oxygen species in water can eliminate microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses and fungi. It was initially applied to sterilize industrial and agricultural wastewater. In recent years, some hospitals have gradually adopted reactive oxygen species for disinfection. Even so, we need to take its hazards into account and control its concentration for safe operation.
Corrosiveness and Toxicity of Reactive Oxygen Species
In air, humans can detect reactive oxygen species by smell at concentrations ranging from 0.02 to 0.04 PPM. Animal tests show that the threshold for reactive oxygen species toxicity is 0.5 PPM. Its toxicity arises from the oxidation of unsaturated fatty acids and proteins, which may trigger rapid breathing, chest tightness, headaches and other discomforts. In severe cases, it may lead to pulmonary emphysema or even death.
Reactive oxygen species can also form inside the human body due to stress, ultraviolet rays, air and water pollution. Excess reactive oxygen species break down elastin and collagen that maintain skin elasticity, resulting in sagging and wrinkles. It can also stimulate pigment cells and cause pigmentation.
Besides harming human health, reactive oxygen species, as a powerful oxidant, can damage many materials. It makes rubber products hard and brittle and accelerates aging, and may bleach or fade fabrics.
Excess reactive oxygen species in wastewater also poses risks. Knowing the hazards of reactive oxygen species in water, what actions can we take? Effective countermeasures should be implemented to ensure residual reactive oxygen species will not cause harm during wastewater disinfection. Operators can use the ROS900 Online Reactive Oxygen Species Analyzer to conduct real-time monitoring of residual reactive oxygen species in wastewater. It helps track the dosage of reactive oxygen species used for disinfection and prevents secondary pollution. This solution is now widely used in Medical Wastewater Monitoring.
