When it comes to water quality issues, it has always been a concern for all of us. Water quality testing can be classified into various types! In this chapter, the editor will explore the relevant issues of water quality testing together with everyone.
Water quality testing and wastewater testing can be classified into: surface water, industrial and domestic wastewater, rural domestic wastewater, etc.
1.Surface water detection: Surface water pollution issues
With the rapid advancement of industrialization, it has deteriorated sharply. Currently, many lakes (reservoirs) in our country are in a state of eutrophication, and the problem of surface water pollution is prominent, seriously threatening the ecological balance and human health.
2.Testing of industrial and domestic wastewater
With the acceleration of industrialization and the improvement of people’s living standards, the environmental pollution caused by the discharge of industrial and domestic wastewater is becoming increasingly severe. For instance, for the main water quality pollutants such as COD, ammonia nitrogen, heavy metals, and volatile phenols discharged during the production process in industries like energy and raw materials (metals, chemicals), wastewater quality testing can be conducted in accordance with standards and local standards, providing scientific data support for the improvement of production processes and water quality treatment.
3.Rural domestic wastewater testing
With the significant changes in China’s agricultural production methods, organic fertilizers such as farmyard manure have been replaced by the extensive use of pesticides and chemical fertilizers. Of the chemical fertilizers applied by farmers, only one third are absorbed by crops, one third enter the atmosphere, and the remaining one third remain in the soil. Excessive application of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers, insufficient application of potassium fertilizers and unbalanced distribution among regions have led to soil compaction, deterioration of soil quality and low fertilizer utilization rate. Soil and fertilizer nutrients are prone to loss, which leads to pollution of surface water and groundwater, excessive salt content and intensified eutrophication.
